Certified Cheese Professional Practice Exam

What is the defining characteristic of psychotropic bacteria?

1. Bacteria that grow under high temperatures

2. Bacteria that can survive freezing

3. Bacteria that grow under refrigeration

4. Bacteria that need high acidity to grow

The correct answer is: Bacteria that grow under refrigeration

The defining characteristic of psychotropic bacteria is their ability to grow at refrigeration temperatures, typically between 0°C and 7°C (32°F to 45°F). These bacteria are particularly relevant in food safety and spoilage contexts because they can thrive in conditions that inhibit the growth of many other microorganisms, which is critical for understanding food preservation methods and potential foodborne illnesses. Psychotropic bacteria are often involved in the spoilage of refrigerated foods, such as dairy products, meat, and produce. Their growth at low temperatures can lead to off-flavors, changes in texture, and in some cases, the production of harmful metabolites. Understanding this characteristic is essential for food manufacturers, handlers, and those in culinary arts to ensure the safety and quality of perishable items. The other options refer to different types of bacteria with their own growth requirements. While some bacteria do require high temperatures, can survive freezing, or thrive in high acidity environments, these conditions are not defining traits of psychotropic bacteria. Thus, the correct answer highlights a key aspect of how these bacteria interact with food storage and safety considerations.